pakmf 41
(pakfkqf 871...885)
871. tiREvrkmf
t[t[ t[t[ t[ta[
niAbmti
Mkem{
emaqiyaEl
enbivizi
kA]ey{
nikraEl
ubv<ekaqf
mdvrfk
QbvaEma
u[tiR
vFyi[i
yRqfvaEy
mAbpyi
lritiR
mREkaE[
mRvl rCrrfkqf
Klkala
Kbmkqf
tA[m]
mRqfEvaE[
KRmAl
mRviy
epRmaEq.
ptmf piritftlf
niAb mti
Mkmf '{mf oqiyaEl
enbi
vizi kA] '{(mf) nikraEl
ubv< ekaqf
mdvrfkqf ubv< ~Ema
u[ tiRvF ;[i `RqfvaEy
mAb pyilf `ri
tiR mREkaE[
mRvlrf
`Crrfkqf Klkala
Kb mkqf tA[
m]mf `RqfEvaE[
KRmAl
mRviy epRmaEq.
pt uAr
niAb mti = p>r] cnftir[f Epa[fb. Mkmf '{mf oqiyaEl = Mktfti[f oqiyaLmf. enbi vizi = vzi kadfFyay<qfq. kA] '{mf nikraEl = k]f]akiy `mfp< ecyfy<mf Epari[aLmf.
ubv< ekaqf = ('[f[idmf) ubv< p>]fki[fb. mdvrfkqf = viAl matrfkqi[f. ubv< ~Ema = etadrfp< nlfltaKEma? u[ = u[f{Ady. tiRvF = tiRvFkAq. ;[i `RqfvaEy = ;[i '[kfKtf tnftRQk.
mAb pyilf `ri = Evtgfkqilf ecalflpfpDmf tiRmali[f. tiR mREkaE[ = `zkiy mRkE[. mRvlrf = pAkvrfkqakiy. `Crrfkqf Kl kala = `Crrfkqi[f KltfTkfKkf kalE[.
Kbmkqf tA[ = Kbpf ep]f]akiy vqfqiAy. m]mf `RqfEvaE[ = tiRm]mf ecyfT `RqiyvE[. KRmAl = KRmAl '[fB ecalflpfpDmf Cvami mAlyilf. mRviy epRmaEq = vIbfbiRkfKmf epRmaEq.
CRkfk uAr
cnftirA[pf
Epa[fb Mktfti[f oqiyaLmf, vzi kadfFya[
k]f
'[f{mf
`mfp<kqf ecyfy<mf Epari[aLmf, '[f[idmf ubv< ekaqfQki[fb viAl matrfkqi[f
etadrfp< '[kfK nlfltaKEma? (~kaT '[fbpF). u[T tiRvFAy '[kfK ;[itf tnftRQk.
Evtgfkqalf EpabfbpfpDmf tiRmali[f mRkE[. pAkvrfkqakiy `Crrf KltfTkfK ymA[pf Epa[fbvE[. Kbpf ep]f]akiy vqfqiAy m]nfT `RqiyvE[. Cvami mAlyilf vIbfbiRkfKmf epRmaEq. u[f tiRvFAy '[kfKtf tRvayak.
viqkfkkf Kbipfp<kqf
nikrf = Eparf.
;Ackf Kbipfp<kqf
cnftmf = cTsfrmf. ly `Ampfp< = 4 4.
tAlpfp<cf ecabfkqf (871)
viAlmatrf (mylf) tiRvF tiRmalf Evtmf `Crrf vqfqi "rkmf cTsfrmf cibiy padlf.
872. Tti (tlmf etriyvilfAl)
t[[ t[t[ ttft[ ttft[
t[[ t[t[ ttft[ ttft[
t[[ t[t[ ttft[ ttft[ t[ta[
ni[T
tiRvF ctftim yibfekaF
ptmf
piritftlf ni[T tiRvF
ctfti myilf ekaF
enFy
vAq Mbi ;kfekaD ldfD kmf
m[T
mkizfevaD etaD `dfd krtfT oR
mRv<
mlrf p<A[ etatftir ecalf ekaD
et[[
et[et[ ettfet[ `[ pl
ecRm
utr nirpfp<(mf) ecR Kdlf
'[Ev TK
TK Ttfet[ otfTkqf
;kli
`lAkkqf AkpfpAb ekadfFd
pt
uAr ni[T tiRvF = (MRka)
u[f{Ady tiRvF. ctfti myilf ekaF = Evlf, myilf, Ecvlf (;AvkAq). niA[v<
kRtiD = niA[vilf kRTmf. p<tfti ekaDtftid = `biAv na[f epBtbfK. niAby ecyf =
nirmfpcf ecyfypfpdfd. `MT = `MT. Mpfpzmf = enFy
vAq Mbi = nI]fD vAqnft MBkfK. ;kfK oD = kRmfp<d[f.
ldfD = ldfD. kmf nib vilf `rici = nibMmf oqiy<mf uqfq `rici. pRpfp< `vlf
'qf epari = `rici, pRpfp<, 'qf, epari. nikrf ;lf = opfpilflat .
;[i = ;[iy. ktlikf k[i vrfkfkMmf = vaAzpfpz vAkkQmf. ;q nIRmf = ;q nIRmf. m[T
mkizfevaD = m[ mkizfcfciy<d[f. eta mRv< =
epaRnftiy. mlrf p<A[ = mlrf eka]fD (vzipdfDmf). etatftir ecalf ekaD =
(cibpfpitfTkf PBmf) Tticf ecabfkAqkf eka]fD (TtitfTmf). vqrf Ak = T\kfkiy Akkqalf.
KAz piF = kaAtpf piFtfTmf. etapfp] KdfedaD = Etapfp]mf KdfD Mtli[ ecyfTmf. v[c =
(`vRAdy) tamAr Epa[fb. prip<r epa[f ptmf = cilmfp< `]inft `zkiy
patgfkqilf. `rfcfcA[ mbEvE[ = `rfcfcA[ ecyfvAt na[f mbEv[f. et[[
..... '[ = ;vfvaba[ oli ecyfy<mf. pl cibiy `Bptmf = pl cibiy :kfkqf. emayftft
= emayfkfKmf. utirpf p<[lf = ;rtft nIrf. tirQmf uB cAt = tir]fDqfq cAtkqf.
pitft ni]kf Kdlf = pitft mamickf Kdlf. ecbi YMAq = enRgfkiy YMAq. ecRm
= nirmfpiy. utr = `vfvyibfbilf. nirpfp< = niAbnfT. ecRkf Kdlf = mikfk Kdlf.
niAry = vriAckqf. `rv(mf) niAbtft = oli (;Avkqf) niAbnft. kqtftiAd = Eparfkf
kqtftilf. timit timitimi mtftq(mf) = timit '[fB olikfKmf mtftqmf.
;dkfAkkqf = ;dkfAk '[f{mf vatftiymf. eckEcEc '[Ev = '[fB OAc ecyfy. TK
TK TtfT '[ = '[fB OAcy<d[f. otfTkqf = UT ;kli
= o[fEbaeda[fB pAktft. `lAkkqf = Epyfkqf. AkpfpAb ekadfFd = AkpfpAbkAqkf ekadfd.
;r] pyirvi = r] pyirvi '[f{mf EtvAtkqf. CbfB nFtftid = Cbfbikf Ptftad. 'tiRmf
nicicrAr = 'tirftfT vnfT `CrrfkAq. epli ;dfD `Rqf epRmaEq = `zitftRqiy epRmaEq. CRkfk
uAr MRka, u[T tiRvF, Evlf, myilf Ecvlf
MtlivbfAb na[f kRtftilf niA[v< ekaqfQmfpF, `MT,
Mkfk[i, MtlivbfAb mkizfcfciy<d[f, TtikfAky<mf, obfAbkf ekamfApy<mf uAdy
vinaykpf epRma[f u]f}mfpF AvtfT, kaAtpf piFtfT, Etapfp]Mmf KdfDmf ;dfD, `vRAdy
tamArtf tiRvFAy `rcfcA[ ecyfvAt na[f :kfkqf
emayfkfKmf ;rtftmf, Kdlf MtliAv niAbnft Eparfkf kqtftilf, mtftqmf, ;dkfAk, UT
ekamfp<kqf, uDkfAk, pAbkqf Mtliy vatftiygfkqf Eperali ecyfy, `tbfKtf tkfkpF,
Epyfkqf AkpfpAbAykf ekadfdv<mf, pyirvi '[f{mf EtvAtkqf Ptftadv<mf, 'tirftfT
vnfT `CrrfkAqpf pli ;dfD `zitft epRmaEq. u[f tiRvFAy viqkfkkf
Kbipfp<kqf cibiy `B
ptmf = cibiy ~B kalfkAqkf eka]fd :kfkqf. ;pfpadlf
k]ptikfKtf Ttiyak `AmnftT. padpfpdfd ;dmf criyak etriyvilfAl. `. mkr
clniti Avtft Ttikf kr.... ;Ackf
Kbipfp<kqf cnftmf =
klpfp< cnftmf. (1 tisfrmf, 3 cTsfrmf). ly `Ampfp< = 3 4 4 4. tAlpfp<cf
ecabfkqf (872) k]pti
Tti kqmf EpriAkkqf `Crrf Epyf tiRvF wa[mf
klpfp< cnftmf cnftmf (`kkfca[fB) 873.
tiRtft]iAk
t[tft ttft t[tf t[ta[ niA[tft
ettftA[yibf
bvramlf
ptmf
piritftlf niA[tftT 'tftA[yilf tvbamlf k[tft
ttfTvmf ubfB `ziyamlf m[itftrf
ptftrf tmkfK 'qiEyaE[ ec[itft
p<tftirrilf cibiEyaE[ pt
uAr niA[tftT 'tftA[yilf
= niA[tftT 'lflamf.
tvbamlf = niA[tftpFEy Ak Pdv<mf. niAltft = niAlya[. p<tfti tA[ k[tft
= epRAm vayfnft. ttfTvmf
ubfB = u]fAmAy m[itftrf
= m[itrfkQkfKqf. ptftrf tmkfK = `FyvrfkQkfK. 'qiEyaE[ = 'qiAmya[vE[. mtitft =
EpabfbpfpDmf. Mtftmizilf = Mtftmizf wa[tftilf. ec[itft
= Eta[fbiy. p<tftirrilf = (civepRma{Ady) KmarrfkQqf. cibiyvE[ = ;AqyvE[.
tiRtft]ipf ptiyilf epRmaEq = tiRtft]iyilf vIbfbiRkfKmf epRmaEq. CRkfk
uAr niA[tfT
'lflamf Ak Pdv<mf, niAlya[ p<tfti '[fA[ vidfD `klamlf ;Rkfkv<mf,
u]fAmpf epaRAq u]rfnfT, `t[f py[ak na[f MpfptftaB ttftvgfkAqy<mf kdnft
niAlAy `AdnfT, niAlya[ `biAvpf epbv<mf `qitfT `Rqfvayak. ptftrfkQkfK
'qiAmya[vE[. mtikfkpfpDmf Mtftmizilf vlflvE[. civepRma[i[f ;R KmarrfkQqf ;AqyvE[.
tiRtft]iyilf vIbfbiRkfKmf epRmaEq. '[kfK niAlya[ viqkfkkf
Kbipfp<kqf `.
ttfTvmf ubfB `ziyamlf.... ;Ackf
Kbipfp<kqf cnftmf =
klpfp< cnftmf. (1 cTsfrmf, 2 tisfrmf). 10 `Xrgfkqf + etagfklf. ly
`Ampfp< = 4 3 3. citfT\rf Cpfrm]iy piqfAq ptipfpiLmf, F.". cmfpnft
YMrftftiyi[f ptipfpiLmf MAbEy k]fd jmfp taqmakv<mf, tisfr YRpkmakv<mf
KbipfpidpfpdfDqfq[ (`gfkybfk]f]i). tAlpfp<cf
ecabfkqf (873) vrmf
ttfTvmf wa[mf 'qiyv[f Mtftmizf civ[f 874.
mTAr
ta[tf t[ta[ nIttf
Tvmaki Enmtf TA]yakipf ptmf
piritftlf nItmf
Tvmf ~ki Enm TA]yaki nattfT
oqiEyaE[ wa[ kdElaE[ pt
uAr nItmf = nItiyilf.
Tvmf ~ki = niAl epbfbtayf. Enm = cIriy oZkfktftilf oZk. TA]yaki
= TA] ecyfvtayf. p>ttftyva[
= 'lfla uyirfkAqy<mf t[fA[pf Epalf nattf
etaqiEya EkaT
`bfb = Kbfbmf ;lflat. `MtaE[ = `Mtmf Epa[fbvE[. Pdlf epRmaEq = mTAryilf
vIbfbiRkfKmf epRmaEq. CRkfk
uAr nItitf t[fAm
eka]fdtayf, n[f viqkfkkf
Kbipfp<kqf. `.
p>ttftyv<..... ~.
nattf eta[iEyaE[.... ;Ackf
Kbipfp<kqf cnftmf =
klpfp< cnftmf. na[fK vrikqilf `AmnfTqfq cibiy padlf. ovfevaR vriyi[f nDviLmf,
;BtiyiLmf t[ta[ tAlpfp<cf
ecabfkqf (874) enbi
oZkfkmf ttfTvmf wa[mf `Rqf mTAr cgfkIrf]mf cibiy padlf 875.
tiRvaYRrf
ta[a[tf t[ta[a ta[a[tf t[ta[a nItae[tf
tA[yaLmf nIYDzikf kfRApyaki ptmf
piritftlf nI ta[f
'tftA[yaLmf nIYDzi kfRApyaki Evta
AmtfT[ EvEq vIra cbfK] cIla pt
uAr nI ta[f =
ma
ta[ = cibnft ta[pf epaRqak. ma wa[ = Emla[ wa[ pIdmakiy. kzlf tarayf = u[T
tiRvFAytf tnfT `Rqfvayf. Evta
= ~tartfT
= ~B ~targfkqiLmf. oqiyaE[ = oqiyayf viqgfKpvE[. ~YRrilf epRmaEq = tiRvaYRrilf
vIbfbiRkfKmf epRmaEq. CRkfk
uAr MRkE[, nI 'lfla
vAkkqiLmf '[f mIT Uzikf kalmf vAryilf `Rqf Prfnftv[aki ;Rpfpv[f. cibnft ekaAdpf
epRqak ;Rpfpv[f. u[T Emla[ wa[ pIdmakiy tiRvFAytf tnfT `RQk. pirm{kfK
AmtfT[[akiy ecvfEvEq. vIrE[. viqkfkkf
Kbipfp<kqf `. ~tartfT
oqiyaE[.... ~.
Evta = pirm[f (tiRmaLkfK mk[f). MRkEvqf = tiRmaLkfK mRmk[f. ~tlalf MRk[f
pirm[i[f AmtfT[[f. ;.
wa[kf kzlf tarayf... ;Ackf
Kbipfp<kqf cnftmf =
~B `XrgfkQd[f etagfklf Ecrfnft klpfp< cnft `Ampfp<. ly `Ampfp< =
6 6. citfT\rf Cpfrm]iypf piqfAq sfvr taq Kbipfpilf tisfr jmfAp taqtftiLmf,
F.". cmfpnft YMrftfti ptipfpilf tisfr YRpk taqtftiLmf ka]pfpDki[fb[
(`gfkybfk]f]i). tAlpfp<cf
ecabfkqf (875) YMlpfepaRqf
ta[mf wa[mf tiRvF pirm[f ~targfkqf tiRvaYRrf 876.
KbdfF
ta[t[ ttft ta[ ta[t[ ttft ta[ nIriziv<
Kdfd mIAq vatemaD pitft YMl ptmf
piritftlf nIriziv< Kdfdmf :Aq vatemaD
pitft(mf) YMlmf Evrf
uB p<Zkfkqf PD(mf) na[f Mk[f 'Dtft vID pariy
nv Tvar naBmf M(mf)mltfftilf ~B paebaD
kZkfkqf PAk tamf ;Av p<cipfpta[ nar]i
`btfti[f nari ~B cmytfti p>t nadk
ndtfti Ekal nIl vR]tfti Evt varf
`]i MAlcfci
wa[ p>r]i kAlcfci nak mad
mtilf MtfT EmAd Ekap<rmf m]tft EcaAl pt
uAr nIrf
;ziv< = nIrf ;ziv<. Kdfdmf = Kdfd Enayf. :Aq = EkaAz. vatemaD pitftmf =
vay< ;AvkEqaD pitft Enayf. nIqf Kqirf = evK naqak uqfq Kqirf Enayf. evTpfp<
= Cr Enayf. EvBmf uqf Enayfkqf = mbfb Enayfkqf. Evrf
uB = PFytayf. p<Zkfkqf PDmf = p<ZkfkQkfK ;Rpfpidma[tayf.
na[f Mk[f 'Dtft vID = pirm[alf pAdkfkpfpdfd vID. nIFy = enFtayfpf prvi ;RkfKmf.
;rtft YMAq tAc, Etalf cI = rtftmf, YMAq, mamicmf, Etalf, cI ~kiyAvkqf epaRnftiy. pariy
= pRtft. nv Tvar = o[fpT TvargfkAq uAdy. naBmf = Eta[fBmf. Mmfmltftilf = ~]vmf,
k[fmmf, maAy '[f{mf Mmfmlgfkqi[f. ~B payf = vziyalf "bfpDki[fb. paebaD
= pRnfTmf. kZkfkqf = kZKkQmf. PAk = Ekadfda[fkQmf. tamf ;Av = ;Avkqf.
p<cipfp ta[ = u]f}vtbfK uriy. pazf udlf 'DtfT =
paza[ ;nft udAl na[f 'DtfT. vI]ilf uzlfEvE[a = vI]f epaZT Epakfkitf tiriEvE[a? nar]i
= TrfkfAk. `btfti = Mpfptftir]fD `bgfkAqpf p<rinft. nari = Etvi. ~B cmytfti =
~B cmygfkAqy<mf. p>t naykrf ;dtfT = p>t k]gfkQkfKtf tAlvra[
civepRma{Ady ;dT paktftilf. kami = viRmfpi ;Rpfpvqf. mkmayi = mkmayi.
nadk(mf) ndtfti = nd[gfkAqcf
ecyfpvqf. Ekal = `zkiy. nIl vR]tfti= nIl nibmf uAdyvqf. Evt nayki = Evttf tAlvi.
uAmcfci = uAmymfAm. nIli
= kaqi. tiri Vli = MtftAlcf VltfAtkf eka]fdvqf. varf
`]i = kcfC `]inft. MAlcfci = ekagfAkAy uAdyvrf. wa[ p>r]i = wa[tfAtpf
p>r]makkf eka]fdvqf. kAlcfci = kAlkQkfKtf tAlvi. nak = mAl (mkqakiy). vaqf
Ntlf = oqfqiy enbfbiAykf eka]fd Etvi. `qitft = epbfb. vIr = madmf =
madgfkQmf. mtilf = mtilfkQmf. MtfT EmAd = MtfT ;Aztft Emda[ tqgfkQmf.
Ekap<rmf = Ekap<rgfkQmf. m]tft = nB m]mf vICki[fb. EcaAl = EcaAlkQmf. vaK
uq = `zK vayfnfTqfq. KbdfF Emv<mf epRmaEq = KbdfF '[f{mf tltftilf
vIbfbiRkfKmf epRmaEq. CRkfk
uAr nIriziv<,
Kdfdmf, vay< ;AvkQd[f pitft Enayf. Cr Enayf Mtli ekaFy Enayfkqf PFytayf,
pirm[f pAdtft vID,
;rtftmf, YMAq, tAc, Etalf Mtliy[ pRtfTqfq o[fpT Tvargfkqf, Mmfmlgfkqalf
"bfpDmf pi]i vAkkEqaD pirm[alf ~kfkpfpdfd ;nft epamfAmyakiy udAl na[f
'DtfT, ;bnft pi[f, nay<mf, nriy<mf u]f}tbfK uriytaKmf. ;tftAky udAl 'DtfT
na[f vI]f epaZT Epakfkitf pl
namgfkqf eka]fd parfvti 32 `bgfkAqcf ecyfpvqf. civepRma{Ady ;dpfpkfktftilf
viRmfpi uAbpvqf. MtftAlcf VltfAtkf Akyilf "nftiyvqf. nd[mf ecyfy vlflvqf.
kAlkQkfKtf tAlvi. ;vqf epbfb vIrE[. myilf vak[E[. EcaAlkqf
Vzfnft KbdfF '[f{mf Urilf vIbfbiRkfKmf epRmaEq. paZmf udAl 'DtfT na[f
vI]akpf epaZAtpf EpakfklaEma viqkfkkf
Kbipfp<kqf `.
~B cmytfti.... ~.
p>t naykrf ;dtfT... ;Ackf
Kbipfp<kqf cnftmf =
klpfp< cnftmf. (1 k]fdmf, 2 tisfrmf). 11 `Xrgfkqf. ly `Ampfp< tAlpfp<cf
ecabfkqf (876) Enayf
niAlyaAm pibvi uAm (nammf) wa[mf myilf KbdfF
klpfp< cnftmf civ[f Evtmf 877.
epaT
ta[t[ tnfta[ ta[t[ tnfta[ nIRnil
m]fdat tamArp drfnfEtaF ptmf
piritftlf nIR(mf)
nilmf `]fdat tamAr pdrfnfT OF Enc
mlRmf p>Av mati[f m]Mmf Epal
Vriy{d[f Ecam[f nIzlf ;Av `]fdat
EtaAk myili[f pak[amf '[ mkizfnfT ~d vari `kilmf Pc ~yirmf p]mf
Ecd[f
varf m]i utirfnfT OdEv kvi[f niAbnfT ~d
~riy[f `v[f taAt EtF ;[Mmf paDmf
~A[ Mkv[f
EtF OFEy `(]f)] `mf pt
uAr nIRmf nilmf `]fdat
= nIRmf p>miy<mf cmfpnftpfpdaT (tAztfT viqgfKmf). tamAr pdrfnfT OF =
(nalitzftf tamAr ~kiy YMlatarmf, ~bitzftf tamAryakiy Cvatixfda[mf, ptfT ;tzftf
tamAryakiy m]i p>rkmf, p[f[ir]fD ;tzftf tamAryakiy `[akmf, pti[aB ;tztf
tamAryakiy viCtfti, Encmf
mlRmf p>Av = (civ Cdri[f) civ Enctftalf epbpfpDmf civmatiA[. m]Mmf Epal =
tiRm]mf ecyfT eka]fdT Epal. Enrf mRvi = `nftcf civCdRd[f Enrakpf epaRnfti. u]f = Vriy{d[f
Ecam[f = Vriy[f, cnftir[f ~kiyvrfkqi[f. nIzlf ;Av `]fdat = oqi 'dfd MFyat. Ecati
mRv<mf = Eperaqi epaRnfTmf. p>mi `Av UEd = `nftcf Ecati m]fdl p>miyilf. EtaAk
myili[f = EtaAk uAdy myiAl. pak[amf '[ = ecLtftiyv[akiy (MRk[f ;vE[ '[fB).
mkizfnfT ~d = mkizfnfT Ptftad. Ecati `yilf = (umT) oqi vICmf EvAly<mf. taRmf
= (kdpfp) maAlAyy<mf. `RqfvaEy = tnftRQk. vari
= kdli[f. `kilmf Pc = 'lfla pakgfkQmf Pci niAl KAlyv<mf. ~yirmf p]mf Ecd[f =
~yirmf pdgfkAq uAdy ~ti Ecd[f. vayfvid = vayf piqkfk. OD = evqipfpdfD
Od.
varf
= (`pfpamfpi[f) uyrfnft. m]i utirfnfT OdEv = ~riy[f
= pirm{mf. `v[f taAt = `v{Ady tnfAtyakiy tiRmaLmf. EtF = EtF ni[fB (ka]aT).
;[Mmf = ;[f[Mmf. paDmf = paFpf EpabfBmf. ~dlf = tiRviAqyadAlpf p<rinft.
`R]mf Ecati = ecwfEcatiyakiy `]f]amAlyarf. `Rqf pala = `Rqiy palE[. ~A[Mkv[f
EtF OFEy = k]pti EtF OFEy. `(]f)]a = (nI ;RkfKmf ;dtfAtkf) ka] MFyat. `mf katlf
~Ac mRv<mf = `zkiy katlaAcAy (vqfqiyi[f Emlf eka]fd). Ecatip fepRmaEq =
Ecati vFvma[ epRmaEq. CRkfk
uAr nIRmf nilMmf
cmfpnftpfpdaT tAztfT viqgfKmf, pl
kdlf
niAl KAlyv<mf, ~ti Ecd[i[f m]i utirfnfT citbv<mf, ~Fpf paF myiAlcf
ecLtfTmf
Ecvlf ekaFEyaE[. pirm{mf, tiRmaLmf EtFkf ka]aT ;[f[Mmf paFpf EpabfBmf
ecwfEcatiyakiy civepRma[f epbfb palkE[. k]ptiAytf EtF vrvAztfT, vqfqi Emlf katlf
eka]fd Ecatipf epRmaEq. umT oqi vICmf EvAly<mf, kdpfp maAlAyy<mf tnftRQk. viqkfkkf
Kbipfp<kqf `. nIRmf
nilmf `]fdat.... `RqfvaEy... namf
udfekaqfQmf pira] vay<Av ;AdkfkAl, pigfkAl vzikqilf `Ady<mfpF OdfF, civ
enbiyilf ni[fB, t[itfT nibfKmf EmlidtfEt civ Ecatiyakiy matiA[pf epamfAmkf
kliya]mf Epalf PF, MmfmlgfkAqy<mf 'ritfT, ;RQmf oqiy<mf ;lflat `zkiy
;dtftilf, cIvatfmav<mf, prmatfmav<mf o[fB pdfDkf klnfT, EtvrfkQmf ~.
~A[Mkv[f taAt EtF.... ;Ackf
Kbipfp<kqf cnftmf =
k]fd `qv<. 10 `Xrgfkqf + etagfklf. ly `Ampfp< = 5 5. tAlpfp<cf
ecabfkqf (877) EyakMAb
Evlf `Rqf pirm[f tiRmalf civ[f k]pti vqfqi `Fyarf myilf
Ecvlf epaT k]fdmf ttfTvmf 878.
epaT
ta[ tnft ta[ ta[ ta[ tnft ta[ ta[ nIR em[fp<
Etali [aL mav et[fAk kalfkEqaD ptmf piritftlf nIRmf
'[fp< Etali[aLmf ~vT
'[f Ak kalfkEqaD Encmf
o[fB taAt tayrf ~Ac eka]fd Epatilf Emvi URmf
;[fp vazfv<mf ~ki U[mf o[fB ;laT matEraD Uzi
;Aynft kal(mf) EmtiEya{mf vnfT pacmf vIc Vr[f
`]fd Elakmf Em[fAm VAb eka]fD Epayf vidaT pa patkgfkqf
Evbi N\bi nItiyi[f ecalf Evt vayfAm pt
uAr nIRmf
'[fp< Etali[aLmf ~vT = nIrf, 'Lmfp<, Etalf ;Avkqalf ~kfkpfpdfdtakiy. '[f
Ak kalfkEqaD = '[f{Ady Ak, kalfkqf ;AvkEqaD. nIQmf = nI]fd. `gfkmaki = `gfkgfkAq
uAdyvtaki. may uyirf Ubi =
Encmf
o[fB = ~Ac epaRnftiy. taAt, tayrf = tnfAt tayf ~kiy ;RvRmf. ~Ac eka]fd Epatilf =
katlf eka]fd cmytftilf. Emvi = kRvilf ubfB. nIti o[fB = oZkfk enbiyilf nibfKmf.
pal[aki = piqfAqyayftf Eta[fbi. `zivayf vnfT = `zitbfEk uriyv[ayfpf p>miyilf URmf ;[fp
vazfv<maki = `{pvikfKmf ;[fp vazfAv uAdyv[aki.
U[mf o[fB ;laT = KAb o[fBmf ;lflamlf. matEraD = matrfkQd[f. cinfAt EvAd Pr = m[
EvdfAk mikfK 'z. ubvaki = `vrfkQd[f cmfpnftpfpdfD. Uzf
;Aynft = Uzf viA[yi[fpF `Amnft. kal(mf)
= MFv< kaltftilf. EmtiEya{mf = 'RAm vak[[a[ ym{mf. vnfT pacmf vIc = vnfT
packf kyibfAb vIc. U[f udmfp< = (;nft) mamic udlf. may<mf = `zinfT EpaKmf.
maymf oziyaEta = MFv< epbaEta? Vr[f
`]fd Elakmf = Vr[f `]fdgfkqamf Etaqilf
'[fp< maAl = Etaqf mIT 'Lmfp< maAlAyy<mf. Ev]i mIT kgfAk =
cAdyilf kgfAkAyy<mf. VF = tritfT. ~D(mf) = ~dlf p<riy<mf. EtaAk
pgfkEraD = myilf Epa[fb parfvtiyi[f pakra[ civepRma{kfK. VT
paAr
u]fd may[f = ;pfp>miAy u]fdv[a[ mayv[f. EvAy Uti = p<lflagf KzAl Utiyv[f.
p]fD = M[fp<. pavElarfkqf = patkgfkqf
= papgfkAq. Evbi = KAlnfT. N\bi = epaF pDtfti. nItiyi[f ecalf = nIticf
ecabfkAqkf eka]fD. Evt vayfAm = Evt u]fAmkAq 'DtfT. paDmf `[fprf = paDmf
CRkfk
uAr nIrf, 'Lmfp<,
Etalf Mtliyvbfbalf ~kfkpfpdfd Ak, kalfkEqaD, `gfkgfkQd[f PFy udlf eka]fD,
`vfv<dlilf uyirf uAbypf epbfB. tnfAt tayf ~kiy ;RvRmf katlf ekaqfQmf
cmytftilf kRvayftf Etaqilf
'LmfApy<mf, cAdyilf kgfAkAyy<mf tritfT ~dlf p<riy<mf parfvti
pak[a[ civepRma{kfKpf pir]vtfAt upEtcitftvE[. p>miAy u]fdv{mf,
p<lflagfKzAl Utiyv{mf, tiRmgfAk ~zfvarf Ev]fDEkaQkfK ;rgfki, p<lvrfkqf
pi[f ec[fbv{mf ~kiy tiRmali[f mRkE[. pavgfkAqkf KAlnfT, epaFyakfki, Evt u]fAmkAq
'DtfT OTmf `[fprfkQkfKcf eclfvmak uqfq epRmaEq. '[f pibpfpakiy maymf oziyaEta? viqkfkkf
Kbipfp<kqf `. VT
emaziEvaE[... ~.
p]fD
pavElarfkqf padlf k]fD....
;Ackf Kbipfp<kqf
cnftmf = tisfrmf. ly `Ampfp< = 3 3 3 3.
tAlpfp<cf ecabfkqf (878) niAlyaAm
ep]f ~Ac viA[ ym[f maAy Vr[f myilf Evlf tiRmalf tiRmziAc ~zfvarf p<lvrf Evtmf
pibvi epaT tisfrmf 879.
citmfprmf
ta[tft[ ta[tft[ ta[tft[ ta[tft[ nIlkfKz
larfMtft]i vayfcrfkfkAr yarfAtp
niA[v< kRtiD
p<tftieka Dtftid
niAby `MTecyf Mpfpz
mpfpM nikzfpalfEt[f
enFy vAqMbi ;kfekaD ldfDkmf
nibvilf `ricip Rpfpvlf
'dfepari
nikrilf
;[ikt likfk[i vrfkfkMmf ;qnIRmf
m[T mkizfevaD etadfdk rtfetaR
mkr
clniti AvtftT tikfkr
vqR
kriMk obfAbm RpfpA[ vlmak
mRv< mlrfp<A[ etatftir ecabfekaD
vqrfAk KAzpiF etapfp]
KdfedaD
v[c
prip<r epabfpt
`rfcfcA[
mbEvE[
et[[ et[et[ ettfet[ [pfpl
cibiy
`Bpt emayftfTti rpfp<[lf
tirQmf
uBcAt pitftni ]kfKdlf ecbiYMAq
ecRm utrni rpfp<ec RkfKdlf
niAry
`rvni Abtftk qtftiAd
timit
timitimi mtftqi dkfAkkqf
eckEcEc
'[ev TKTK Ttfet[ otfTkqf
TFkqf
;Fmik otfTM zkfkid
FMd
FMFM FdfFem [tftvilf
'ZEmaAc
;kli `lAkkqf AkpfpAb ekadfFd
;r] pyirvi CbfBn Ftftid
'tiR nicicr
Arpfepli yidfdRqf epRmaEq.
niA[v<
kRtiD p<tfti ekaDtftid
niAby `MT ecyf Mpfpzmf `pfpM(mf) nikzf palf Et[f
nib vilf `rici
pRpfp< `vlf 'qf epari
nikrf ;lf ;[i ktli k[i vrfkfkMmf ;qnIRmf
mkr clniti Avtft Tti kr
vqR(mf) kri Mk obfAb mRpfpA[ vlmak
vqrf Ak KAz piF etapfp](mf) KdfedaD
v[c pri p<r epa[f pt `rfcfcA[ mbEvE[
cibiy `B ptmf emayftfT utir p<[lf
tirQmf uB cAt pitft(mf) ni] Kdlf ecbi YMAq
niAry `rv niAbtft kqtfT ;Ad
timit timitimi mtftq(mf) ;dkfAkkqf eckEc
Ec
TFkqf ;F mik otfT Mzkfkid
FMd FM FM FdfFmf '[ tvilf 'Zmf OAc
;r] pyirvi CbfB nFtftid
'tiR nicicrAr epli ;dfD `Rqf epRmaEq.
YM[fB vAkya[ pzgfkqf. `pfpMmf = `pfpMmf. nikzf =
epaRnftiy. palf Et[f = palf, Et[f.
KzLd[f. TFkqf = uDkfAkpf pAbkqf. ;F
mik = ;F '[. otfT Mzkfkid = mik otfT Mzgfk. FMd ...'[tf tvilf = '[fbpF Emq vAkkqf. 'Zmf OAc = OAckqf 'z.
mbEv[f.
na[f 'pfEpaTmf kRTmf pFkf
k]ptiAy `rcfcipfpAt
mbEv[f.
niAltft p<tfti
tA[pf piriyambf
k[tft ttfT
vMbf
bziyambf
ktitft
nitft
m[itftrf ptftrf
tmkf
ekqieyaE[
mtitft Mtft
mizibf
epriEyaE[
ec[itft p<tfti
rribf
cibiEyaE[
tiRtft
]ipfp
tiyibf
epRmaEq.
niAltft p<tfti tA[ piriyamlf
ktitft nitftiy citft(mf) `RqfvaEy
mtitft Mtftmizilf epriEyaE[
tiRtft]i ptiyilf epRmaEq.
= p<tftiAy vidfD. piriyamlf = na[f piriyamlf ;Rkfkv<mf.
na[f u]rfnfT. `ziyamlf = (`t[f py[ak) `zivilflaT. ktitft =
Eta[fbkf PFy. nitftiy = niAlyatta[. citftmf = `biAv. `RqfvaEy = ('[kfK)
`Rqfvayak.
epriEyaE[ = epriyvE[.
p<tftiAytf tnfT `RQk.
(~baAby<mf nItfT `t[f Emlf niAlAypf
Epba `FEy[f epBma BqEta)...knftrf `{p>ti 47.
(~baBkf kpfpalf `bivamf `vrfkdfEk
~baBkf kpfpalf `r[i[i taEm)...tiRmnftirmf 2232.
t]iAk klpfp< cnftmf cibiy padlf
p>ttf tyva[ EpaAttf tRvaEy
nattf eta[iEyaE[ wa[kf kdElaE[
Ekatbf bMtaE[ Pdbf epRmaEq.
p>t
EkaT `bfb `MtaE[ Pdlf epRmaEq.
']f}mf. EpaAttf tRvaEy = epriy wa[tfAtf
tRvayak.
kdElaE[ = wa[kf kdlf Epa[fbvE[.
('vfv<yiRmf '[f uyirfEpalf ']f]i ;rgfkv<mf ni[f
etyfv `Rqf kRA] ecyfvayf praprEm)....tay<ma[vrf (praprkf k]f]i) 65.
(OAc oli 'lamf ~[ayf nIEy
ulKkfK
oRv[ayf ni[fbayf nIEy)....tiRnav<kfkrcrf Etvartf tiRMAb 6.38.1.
'[f{mf etagfkLkfK uriy cnftmf ka]pfpDkibT. ematftmak na[fK
vrikqiLmf EcrfnfT 'dfD etagfklfkqf ka]pfpDvtalf tiRpfp<kzi[f epaTva[ `AmpfAp
u]rftfTmf. ;pfpadlilf etagfklf taqtfTd[f EcrftfEt
k]kfkidpfpDkibT. ly `Ampfp< = 4
5 '[fb cgfkIrf] vAkkqf. F.". cmfpnft YMrftftiyi[f sfvrtaqkf Kbipfpilf 9
`Xrgfkqf eka]fd k]fd
mata[tf t[mak mawa[kf kzlftarayf
EvtaAmtf T[EvEq vIracbf K]cIla
~tartf etaqiyaE[ ~YRribf epRmaEq.
ma ta[ t[mak ma wa[ kzlf tarayf
~tartfT oqiyaE[ ~YRrilf epRmaEq.
Em[fAm K]mf pAdtftvE[. ~B ~targfkqiLmf oqiyayf viqgfKpvE[. tiRvaYRrilf
uAby<mf epRmaEq. '[kfK u[f tiRvFAytf tarayf.
xdatarmf =
~B ~targfkqf.
(nIdarf
nIkae] ]av A[cfecalf `RqfvaEy)....tiRpfp<kzf (naEvBpam).
(eta]fdrfk]f d]fF ema]f D]fFRkf KwfCtft wa[
cibiy padlf klpfp< cnftmf
(p<TkfEkadfAdkfK `Rkilf uqfqT)
ta[t[ ttft ta[
nIqfKqirf evTpfp<
EvB
MqEnayfkqf
EvRB p<Zkfkqf PD na[fMk e[Dtft vID
nIFy virtft
YMAq
tAcEtalfcI
pariy nvtfT var naBM mltfti laB
payfpi]i yiybfB
paAv
nrinayfEpyf
paebaD kZkfkqf PAk tamiAv p<cipfp ta[
paZd
elDtfT
vI]i
LzlfEvE[a
nar]i ybtfti [ari ~Bcm ytftip>t
nayk
ridtf
nadk ndtfti Ekal nIlvR ]tfti Evt
nayki
y<Amcfci
nIli
tiriVli
var]i MAlcfci wa[ p>r]i kAlcfci nak
va}t lqitft
vIr
myiElaE[
madmtilf MtfT EmAd Ekap<r m]tft EcaAl
vaKq KbdfF
Emv<
epRmaEq.
nIqf Kqirf evTpfp< EvBmf uq Enayfkqf
nIFy ;rtft(mf) YMAq tAc Etalf cI
payf pi]i ;ybfB paAv nri nayf Epyf
pazf udlf 'DtfT vI]ilf uzlfEvE[a
naykridtfT kami mkmayi
nayki uAmcfci nIli tiriVli
vaqf Ntlf `qitft vIr myiElaE[
vaK uq KbdfF Emv<(mf) epRmaEq.
pi]i
;ybfB paAv = pi]i ;Avkqalf
~kfkpfpdfd epamfAm. nri nayf Epyf = nriy<mf nay<mf
Epy<mf.
vIrE[. myiElaE[ = myilf
vak[E[.
tiriEvE[a?
(cmymf ~Bmf tAlvi, ;vqayiRpfp tbinf tiRnfTmff)....`pirami `nftati
63.
(~]fd nayki cmygfkqf ~Bmf
`kil Eya[iy<mf `qikfKmf `nfnkrmf)...epriy p<ra]mf
(tiRkfKbipfp<) 84.
p>t
k]gfkQkfKtf tAlvrf.
(epagfK `zlf uRv[f p>t
nayk[f. nalf EvtMmf epaRqfkQmf `Rqi)....
cmfpnftrf
Etvartf tiRMAb 3.120.1.
(p>t naykrf p<bfB ;dmf eka]fdvrf)...epriy p<ra]mf
(tiRkfPdfd) 1.
= 5 3 3.
ta[t[
tnfta[
t[ta[
nIqmk
lwfEcati
vFva[
Encml Rmfp>Av mati[fm] MmfEpal
EnrfmRvi
y<]fkat
Ld[fEmvicf
Vriy{ d[fEcam
[IzliAv y]fdat
EcatimR
v<mfp>mi
yAvy>Ed
EtaAkmyi li[fpak [aem[m kizfnftad
Ecati`yi
LnftaR
mRqfvaEy
variyki lgfPc ~yirp ]wfEcd[f
vayfvideva
ed]fpaL
MDEpal
varfm]iy< tirfnfEtad Evkvi[i Abnftad
mamyilfvi
DwfEcvlf
ekaFEyaE[
~riy[ v[ftaAt EtFyi[ MmfpaD
madlR
]wfEcati
yRqfpala
~A[Mk v[fEtF EyaFeyy ]gfkat
laAcmR
v<wfEcati
epRmaEq.
nIqmf
`klmf Ecati vFva[
Enrf mRvi u]f katLd[f Emvi
Ecati mRv<mf p>mi ;Av UEd
Ecati `yiLmf taRmf `RqfvaEy
vayf vid OD ']f paLmf uD Epal
ma myilf viDmf Ecvlf ekaFEyaE[
~dlf `R]mf Ecati `Rqf pala
katlf ~Ac mRv<mf Ecati epRmaEq.
;r]fD `lflT YM[fB ;tzftf tamAryakiy ~wfAw ~kiy) ~targfkqi[f
vziyak (civ Eyak enbiyilf) pdrfnfT ec[fB. nIqmf `klmf = nIqmf `klmf ;Av 'lfAl
`bfB viqgfKmf. Ecati vFva[ = Ecati ecaYRpma[.
`{pvikfKmf. katLd[f Emvi = ~Acy<d[f ;RnfT.
']f paLmf = (`T `gfg[mf ODmf) 'dfDtf tiAckqiLmf. uD Epal = ndfctftirgfkqf
utirfv[ Epal.
;rtfti[ m]ikqf utirfnfT
citbv<mf. kvi[f niAbnfT ~d = `zK tTmfpi ~d. ma myilf viDmf = cibnft myiAlcf
ecLtfTmf. Ecvlf ekaFEyaE[ = Ecvlf ekaFAy uAdyvE[.
']f]ikfAkkqf eka]fd ;tzfkAq uAdy tamAryakiy ~trgfkqi[f
vziyak, 'lfAl `bfB viqgfKmf Ecati vFva[
civ Cdri[f Enctftalf epbpfpDmf civmatiA[
m]mf ecyfT eka]fdT Epalf, Vriy[ff, cnftir[f ;Avkqi[f oqi 'dfd MFyat Eperaqi
epaRnfTmf Ecati m]fdl p>miyilf, EtaAk myiAlcf ecLtfTmf MRk[f ;vE[ '[fB
ecalfli `Fyarfkqf mkizfnfT Ptftad, umT oqi vICmf EvAly<mf, kdpfp mlrf
maAlAyy<mf '[kfKtf tnftRQk.
;pfpadAly<mf ;Et kRtfTqfq mbfb na[fK tiRpfp<kzfpf padlfkAqy<mf o[fbak
viqkfKtlf n[fbaKmf (']f 345 (kdfFM]fdkr), ']f 647 (civmaTdE[), ']f 850
(naLcTrtft), ']f 775 (tiRnilmRvi). ;pfpadlfkqilf civ Eyak MAbkqf
viqkfkpfpdfDqfq[.
;v[f ;AqEya[akiy MRk[f '[fB viykfKmfpF epRmf EpbfAb `AdvT kRtftaKmf.
(civCdrf `tA[pf paAv m]mf '[ mRvi)...tiRpfp<kzf
(tiRnilmRvi).
(;vE[ '[ malf `yE[aD `mErarf
;AqEya[f '[Ev mAb Ot
;AbEya[f ;dmayf viAqyaDkEv
;ylf EvLd[f ma `RqfvaEy)...tiRpfp<kzf (civmaTdE[).
(kdfF M]fdk `rpali `gfki tA[
MdfF `]fdemaD tavi vinfT oli
ktft mnftir `vta[ ev]f p<rvi miAc
"bi)...tiRpfp<kzf (kdfFM]fd)
(naL cTrtft `wfc `Ab YMl kmltftilf `gfkiAy)...tiRpfp<kzf
(naLcTrtft).
(tiRkf
ka[tftilf priEvaD `nftkf
Kbkf EkaltfTcf ecylaqf `wfctf
tikzfcf cIrf `tftikf kzlf va '[fppf p<]rfEvaE[)
tiRpfp<kzf (cirtfta[).
ta[ tnft ta[
ta[
t[ta[
nIQ mgfk maki
may
v<yiYRbi
Enc ema[fB taAt tay raAc eka]fd Epatilf
Emvi
nIti eya[fB pal [aki
yzivayfvnf
T\R mi[fp vazfv< maki y>[ ema[fbi laT mat
EraD cinfAt EvAd
Pr
ubvaki
Uzi Aynft kal Emti Eya{mf vnfT pacmf vIc
U{ dmfp< may<
may
emaziyaEta
Vr []fd Elak Em[fAm VAb eka]fD Epayf vidaT
EtaAk yi[fk]f Emvi
EvAl
viDmfvIra
Etaqi el[fp< maAl Ev]i mIT kgfAk VF yaD
EtaAk pgfk EraD
VT
emaziEvaE[
paAr y<]fd may[f EvAy y>ti p]fD pav Elarfkqf
padlf k]fD "K
mali[f
mREkaE[
pat kgfkqf Evbi N\bi nIti yi[fecalf Evt vayfAm
paD m[fprf vazfv
ta[
epRmaEq.
nIQmf `gfkmaki may uyirf Ubi
nIti o[fB pal[aki `zivayf vnfT
cinfAt EvAd Pr ubvaki
U[f udmfp< may<mf maymf oziyaEta
EtaAk pgfkEraD VT emaziEvaE[
padlf k]fD "Kmf mali[f mREkaE[
paDmf `[fprf vazfvta[ epRmaEq.
mayma[ uyirf Ubpf epbfB.
emaziEvaE[ =
;rkciypf pir]vpf epaRAq upEtcitftvE[.
`[fprfkQkfK. vazfvta[ epRmaEq = eclfvpf
epaRqa[ epRmaEq.
Eta[fbi, oZkfk enbiyilf piqfAqyakpf p>miyilf pibnfT, nlfl vazfAv uAdyv[aki, KAb ;lflamlf vqrfnfT, matrfkQd[f ~Ac miKnfT, ubvaF,
Uzf viA[yi[f py[ak MFv< vRmf cmytftilf ym[f vnfT packf kyibfAb vIc,
;nft may udlf `zinfT EpaKmf maymakiy pibpfp< MFv< epbaEta? Vr[f `]fdgfkAq 'lflamf
ekaqfAq `FtfTpf Epakamlf EvAlcf ecLtftiy vIrE[.
pir]vmf emq[mAb ~tlalf `T VT '[pfpdfdT.
(mv>[ mAb OTvitft KRnata)...tiRpfp<kzf (vdAvy[).
kawfciyilf tiRmziAc ~zfvaridmf k]ik]f][f '[fpvrf p]iviAd
ecyfT vnftarf. oR kizvi ~zfvarf `Rqalf MTAm nIgfkiyAt `binft `rc[f, ~zfvaAr
`}kitf t[kfKmf `vfvaB `Rqf ecyfy Ev]fDem[fB Ekdfk, ~zfvarf
k]ik]f]Ar `}KmaB Pbi[arf.
k]ik]f]rf m[f[ri[f Ev]fDEkaQkfK ;]gfkamlf EpakEv, `rcrf k]ik]f]Ar `vfv>Ar
vidfDpf EpaKmfpF utftrv< ;dfdarf.
(k]ik]f][f Epaki[fba[f kamRp>gf kcfci
m]iv]f]a nIkidkfk Ev]fda T]ieva[fbicf
ecnfnapf p<lv[fya[f eclfki[fEb[f nIy<M[fb[f
Apnfnakpfpayf CRdfFkf ekaqf) '[fB epRmaAqkf EkdfDkf
eka]fdarf.
epRmaqf Epa[v<d[f naD epaliv< ;znftT. `rc[f mI]fDmf
~zfvaAr `}ki Ev]fd, `vRmf ptikmf paF nadfAdcf eczikfkcf ecyftarf.
(k]ik]f][f Epakfkiznfta[f kamRp>gf
kcfci
m]iv]f]a nIkidkfk Ev]fDmf T]iv<Ady
ecnfnapf p<lv{mf Epakfkiznfta[f nIy<M[fb[f
Apnfnakpf payf pDtfTkf Ekaqf). ;vEr eca[f[ v]f]mf ecyft
epRmaqf '[pfpDvrf.
ta[tft[
ta[tft[
t[ta[
nIqcfcci
yarfepadfd]i
Ntlfmatrf
nIlkfky larfptftir EvelapfpiD varfnbfk]i
EnmitfetZ
tacitftir
vFvarfEtaqf
~AlkfkAz yarfTtftieka qarkfKv darfkdfdAq
yaktftmi Ey[itftM
MzlfEvE[a
~Acpfpt
Emlfp<tftiemyf wa[tfTd E[ptftir
makkfekaqf
EvMtftiAy
yRqfvaEy
maAlkfKz laqbfp<t EvtcfecaR paqkfki[i
marfpibfpir
kackfkiri
t[par
vackf Kyi laqfnbfciv kamcfecy laqfptfti[i
ma]ikfkmi
[aqfnixfkq
uAmpatrf
VlkfAkyi [arkfki[i Em[ifpfpr [aRkfekaRkfekaR
EcatipfepRqf EkqfvikfkiD
MREkaE[
Ecatipfpir kaccfecy laqfMtftmizf
maA[pfp<]rf
Ecatipfp<li
y>rfntftiy
epRmaEq.
ptmf
piritftlf nIl
Kzlarf MtfT `]i vayf crfkfkAryarf AtpfpiAb nIl
kylarf ptftir Evlf opfpiDvarf nbf k(]f)]i ~Al
kAzyarf Ttfti ekaqf ~r Kvdarf kdfdAqyak maAl
Kzlaqf `bfp<t Evt ecaRpaqf `kfki[i vac
Kyilaqf nlf civ kam ecylaqf ptfti[i Vl
Akyi[arf `kfki[i Em[i pr[aRkfK oR
Ecati pirkac ecylaqf Mtftmizf maA[ p<]rf pt
uAr
nIlkf
Kzlarf = kriy
PnftAl uAdyvrfkqf. MtfT `]i = MtfTpf Epa[fb (plf) vriAc uqfq. vayf crfkfkAryarf
= vayilf (Ublakiy) crfkfkArAy uAdyvrfkqf. Atpf piAb = At mattfTpf piAbcf
cnftir[f Epa[fbTmf. nIq = vqrfnft. cci ~rf = p<r] cnftir[f Epa[fb. epadfD `]i
= epadfAd nIlkf
kylarf = kriy kylf mI[f Epalv<mf. ptftir(mf) = vaqf Epalv<mf. Evlf
opfpiDvarf = EvLkfK opfpa[Tma[ Etaqf ~Alkf kAzyarf =
Etaqfkqf kRmfp< ~Alyilf uqfq kRmfp< Epalf uAdyvrfkqf. Ttfti ekaqf = Etmlf
pdrfnft. ~rkf Kvdarf = MtfT maAl `]inft mAl Epa[fb ekagfAkAy uAdyvrfkqf.
kdfdAqyak = ;dfd EvAlkAqcf ecyfT eka]fEd. tmiEy[f =
t[iEy[akiy na[f. nitftMmf
~Acpf
ptmf Emlf = ~Acy<d[f u[T tiRvFyi[f Emlf. p<tfti = p<tftiAy AvtfT. emyf
wa[tfTdE[ = emyfwf maAlkf
Kzlarf = p> maAl `]infTqfq PnftAl uAdyv vac = eka]fd.
Kyilaqf = Kyilf Epa[fbvqf. nlf civkamcf ecylaqf = civepRma[idtftilf kammf
niAbnft nlfl ecyli[aQma[. ptfti[i = utftmi. ma]ikfk mi[f[aqf = ma]ikfkmf Epa[fb
mi[fe[aqi vICpvqf. nixfkq = macbfbvqf. uAm = (~kiy) umaEtviAy. patrf = paktftilf
eka]fdvrf.
Vlkf Akyi[arf = VltfAtkf
Akyilf eka]fdvrf. `kfki[i Ecatipf
pirkaccf ecylaqf = Ecati oqi oZkfktfti[Qmf. Mtftmizf maA[ = Mtftmizilf vlflvQmakiy
ma[f Epa[fb vqfqiAy. p<]rf = `A]nft. epRmaEq = epRmaEq. Ecatipf
p<liy>rf = Ecatipf p<liy>rakiy citmfprtftilf. ntftiy epRmaEq =
viRmfpi CRkfk
uAr kriy Pnftlf, MtfTpf
Epa[fb pbfkqf, ;[ikfKmf vayitzf Ublf, At matpf piAbcf cnftirA[pf Epa[fbTmf,
p>r] cnftir[f Epa[fb epadfAd `]inftTma[ enbfbiAy uAdy viAl matrfkqf. kriy
kylf mI[f Epa[fbTmff, vaqf, Evlf Epa[fbTmf ~kiy k]fkqf, nlfl tibMqfqv{mf 'Zt
MFyat uRvmf, kRmfp< Epa[fb Etaqfkqf, Etmlf pdrfnft marfpilf mAl Epa[fb
ekagfAkkAq uAdyvrfkq. ;tftAky viAl matrfkqi[f "vLkfKpf p]infT eka]fEd
tmiy[akiy ~Acy<d[f
u[T tiRvFyi[f Emlf p<tftiAy AvtfT, emyfwf wa[tfTd[f MtftiAy n[fAmy<d[f epb
`Rqf p<rivayak. p>maAl `]inft PnftAl uAdyvqf, Evt ecaYRpi, viqkfkkf
Kbipfp<kqf `. Etaqf
~Alkf kAz.... ~.
Evt ecaYRpi.... ;.
EkqfvikfkiD MREkaE[.... :.
Mtftmizf ma[f... ;Ackf
Kbipfp<kqf cnftmf =
tisfrmf. ly `Ampfp< = 6 6. ;pfpadAlcf cgfkfrm nAdyiEla, misfr Etsfy cgfkIrf]
lKkfKriy tAlpfp<cf
ecabfkqf (879) viAlmatrf
(`gfkmf, ecylf, uvAm) Mtfti `Rqf tiRvF Evtmf
uAm civ[f pir]vmf upEtcmf Mtftmizf vqfqi
tilfAl tisfrmf 880.
epaT
ta[nft ta[tftnf t[ta[a nIlgfekaqf
Emktfti[f myilfmIEt ptmf
piritftlf nIlmf
ekaqf Emktfti[f myilf mIEt malf
eka]fd EpAtkfK u[f m](mf) naBmf Evlf
eka]fD EvAl p]fD 'biEvaE[ nalf
`nft Evttfti[f epaREqaE[ pt
uAr nIlmf ekaqf = nIl
nibtfAtkf eka]fd. Emktfti[f =
Emkmf nI
vnft vazfAv = nI 'ZnftRqi vnft tiRcfcpa m]fdptfT kadfciAy. k]fD `t[aEl =
tricitft kar]tfti[alf. malf
eka]fd EpAtkfK = u[f mIT katlf eka]fd ;nftpf ep]f}kfK. u[f = u[f{A marf
tgfKmf = marfpilf viqgfKmf. taAr = maAlAy. tnfT `RqfvaEy = ekaDtftRqfk. Evlf
eka]fD = Evlay<ttfAtkf eka]fD. EvAl = kdAl. vIrmf
ekaqf VrrfkfKmf Klkala = vIrmf pAdtft Vrrf KltfTkfEk ym[ak viqgfKpvE[. nalf
`nft Evttfti[f = (;RkfK, yCrf, cammf, `trfv]mf '[fB ecalflpfpDmf) `nft na[fK
Evtgfkqi[f. na[f
'[fB marf tdfDmf epRmaEq = (uyiRkfK uyirayf nibfpv[f) na[f '[fBmf uyiRkfKqfEq
oqitfT nibfpv[f '[fBmf epRAm paradfDmf epRmaEq. CRkfk
uAr nIl nibmf eka]fd
myili[f Emlf "bi nI tnftRqiy kadfciAykf k]fdti[alf, u[f mIT ~Ac eka]fd
;nftpf ep]f}kfK viqkfkkf
Kbipfp<kqf ;pfpadlf
`kpf epaRqf TAbAycf carfnftT. `.
Evlf eka]fD EvAlpf p]fD 'biEvaE[... ~.
nae[[fB marftdfDmf epRmaEq.... ;Ackf
Kbipfp<kqf cnftmf =
klpfp< cnftmf. ly `Ampfp< = 5 6. tAlpfp<cf
ecabfkqf (880) `kpfepaRqf
kadfci `Rqf Evlf Vrrf Evtmf ttfTvmf ckl kla
vlflv[f epaT klpfp< cnftmf 881.
tiRcfecgfEkaD
ta[[nf ta[t[ ta[[nf ta[t[ nIlmwf
ca[Kzlf maAlv]f EdaDkti ptmf
piritftlf nIl mwfca[
Kzlf maAl v]fEdaD kti
nIqf ;pmf EkaD ;q nIrf Et[f ;Rnft ~r MAl epa[f
EtaAk `Am paqitmf Vzf cr] tarf
kdmfp< ~D kzlf pat ecnftamArkqf Vli
'mf tayf kv<ri Emak cgfkari KAz Vr
cmfkar Crrf Elak pgfka `Bvrf maliy[f
pab oR ~dk[f cak miK marfp<d[f EkaD
t[ parMmf Ecr ;Ad pt
uAr nIl
= kriy. mwfca[ = Emkmf Epa[fb. Kzlf = Pnftlilf (uqfq). maAl = maAlyilf.
v]fD OD kti = v]fDkqf emayfkfki[fb niAly<mf. nID = nIqma[. pnftaD viziyarf =
pnfT ~DvAtpf Epal (`gfKmigfKmf p<rQmf) k]fkAq uAdyvrfkqf. pqigfka[ nAk = pqigfK Epalf ev]fAmya[
pbfkQmf. nIl = kBtft. epa[f = `zkiy. cap Ntlf = vilf Epa[fb p<RvMmf. ~Acyi[f
= epa[f[alakiy. EtaD `Acy<mf = EtaD '[f{mf `]i kl[f `Acki[fb. nIqf = oqi eka]fd.
Mkmf tamAryi[arf = Mkmf '[fb tamAry<mf viqgfKpvrfkqf. emazinfT = Epci. ~r
emazi nIqf
= nI]fd. ;pmf EkaD = yaA[kf ekamfp<. ;qnIrf = ;qnIrf. Et[f ;RnfT = EtA[pf
Epalf ;[ikfKmf. ~r MAl = MtfT maAl `]inft ekagfAkyrf. nID = nI]fd. `lgfkar = `lgfkarma[. crEmaD = kZtfT `]iEyaD.
`Adnftarf = PF[vrfkqf. mRvi = epaRnfti. nIqf = mikfk. m]mf caB epaziya = nB m]cf
caL = niAbnft. epa[f EtaAk `Am = epa[f[alakiy criAk ;dfd.
paqitmf = pdfDpf p<dAv. Vzf = VzfnfTqfq. cr] = kalfkqilf. taqf cilmfp<
OlmidEv = patgfkqilf cilmfp< olikfk. ndnfT = ndnfT. ~[ nAd = PFy nAd. cati
cnfta[ = uyrfnft vmictfT. "ki[mf = `[f[mf '[v<mf. marfprf = `zkiy
marfprayf. `mf EtaAk '[ = `zkiy myilf '[v<mf. ta[f 'Zmf = 'ZnfT
Eta[fBpvrakiy.
Ekal = `zkiy. viAl matrf = viAl matrfkqi[f. ;[fp< ~rf klvi = ;[fpmf niAbnft
EcrfkfAkyilf. tav< eka]fEd = payftAlkf eka]fD. kliy Enayfkqf eka]fEd =
T[fptfAttf tRvta[ EnayfkAq `AdnfT. pibvi ta[f `Adnft = pl pibvikAq `AdnfT. ~Zmf
`FEy[idmf = ~znfT viZmf `FEy[idtftilf. caLmf viA[ = nirmfpi vRmf viA[. `wfci Od
= pynfT nIfgfk. tarf
kdmfp< = kdmfp maAl. ~D kzlf = `Acki[fb kzlf
nIqf cciyarf epadfD `]i Ntlf matrf
EnmitfT 'Zta citftir vFvarf Etaqf
tmiEy[f nitftMmf uzlfEvE[a?
marfpilf pirkac kiri t[par
ma]ikfk mi([f)[aqf nixfkq uAm patrf
Ecati epaRqf EkqfvikfK ;D MREkaE[.
Ecati p<liy>rf ntftiy epRmaEq.
`]infTqfqTma[. Ntlf matrf
= enbfbiAy uAdy viAl matrfkqf.
(k]fA]) uAdyvrfkqf. nlf =
nlfl tibAm uqfq. k]i = citftirmf 'ZTEva[f. EnmitfT = cinftitfT. 'Zta = 'Zt
MFyat. citftir vFv< = `zkiy uRvmf. ~rf = niAbnft.
= ti[nfEtaBmf. uzlfEvEa[ =
tirinfT `AlEvE[a.
wa[tfTd[f. ptftirmakkf
ekaqEv = n[fAmy<d[f epbEv. MtftiAy `RqfvaEy = MtftiAy `qitftRQk.
t[ par = ekagfAkpf
partfAt.
Em[ipf pr[arf = `[lf Em[ipf prm[arf ~kiy civepRma{kfK. oR = opfpbfb. Ecatipf
epaRqf = Ecatipf epaRqa[
pir]vtfAt. EkqfvikfkiD MREkaE[ = `vrf ecviyilf "bfbiy MRkE[.
na[f naqf EtaBmf
tiriEvE[a?
ptfti[i.
macbfbvqf ~kiy uAmAypf
paktftilf eka]fd civepRma{kfK opfpbfb Ecatipf epaRqa[ pir]vtfAtcf ecviyilf
"bfbiy MRkE[.
Mtftmizilf vlfl vqfqi naykiAy `A]nft epRmaEq. citmfprtftilf
viRmfpi vaZmf epRmaEq. na[f Mtfti epb `Rqfvayf.
(kAz Etaqa[T n[fK
`Amkfki[mamf)...tiRpfp<kzf
(k]fkybfpiA]).
(`]ipD
kZmlmf ;[iT `mrf `[lf uRvi[qf)....cmfpnftrf Etvartf tiRMAb 1.19.2.
('gfk}mf vizikqf 'gfk}mf tiRkfEkqfvikqf)....knft
p<ra]mf 3.12.133.
(Mtftmizalf AvtaAry<mf
`gfK vaz AvpfEpa[f)...knftrf `lgfkarmf 22.
;lkfkiygfkqakEva Pblamf (`gfkybfk]f]i).
nIvnft
vazfAvkfk]f dt[aEl
malfeka]fd EpAtkfK[f m]naBmf
marftgfK
taArtftnf tRqfvaEy
Evlfeka]fD EvAlpfp]f edbiEvaE[
vIrgfekaqf
VrrfkfKgf Klkala
nalnft
Evttfti[f
epaREqaE[
nae[[fB
marftdfDmf epRmaEq.
nI vnft vazfAv k]fD `t[aEl
marf tgfK(mf) taAr tnfT `RqfvaEy
vIrmf ekaqf VrrfkfKmf Klkala
na[f '[fB marf tdfDmf epRmaEq.
Epa[fb. myilf mIEt = myilf Emlf "bi.
p]fD = M[fp<. 'biEvaE[ =
vbfBmfpFcf ecLtftiyvE[.
epaREqaE[ = epaRqayf viqgfKpvE[.
u[T nB m]mf vICmf u[f marfpilf viqgfKmf maAlAytf tRvayak. EvAlkf
eka]fD M[fp< kdlf vbfBmfpF ecLtftiyvE[. vIrmf eka]fd Vrrfkqf KltfTkfK
ym[ak viqgfKpvE[. na[fK Evtgfkqi[f epaRqayf `AmnftvE[. uyirfkQkfKqf uyirayf
;RkfkiEb[f '[fB marf tdfDmf epRmaEq. '[kfK u[f maAlAytf tnfT `RQk.
(EvAl uAb nIdfF EvAl t[ilf OdfD
EvAl
viAqyadfD vyL\ra)...tiRpfp<kzf (~rMAlkadfF).
na[f '[f{mf ecalf kdv<AqEy KbikfKmf.
(uqfqtf etaDkfKmf p<btfTQmf nae[{gf
kqfqtf tAlv[f kmzfcAd nnftiy<mf)....tiRmnftirmf 2972.
(pibiT ;[fbi na[f `mRmf epaRqf ~ki ni[fba[f)...cmfpnftrf
Etvartf tiRMAb 3.107.5.
MRk[f ckl kla vlflv[f na[f ta[f '[fB marf tdfFy vrlabfAbpf
'ZptfT "zamf padlilf (pKti 2-~) ka]lamf.
ta[[nf ta[t[ ta[[nf ta[t[
ta[[nf ta[t[ ta[[nf ta[t[
ta[[nf ta[t[ ta[[nf ta[t[
ta[[nf ta[t[ ta[[nf ta[t[
ta[[nf ta[t[ ta[[nf ta[t[ tnftta[
nIDpnf taDvizi yarfpqigf ka[nAk
nIlepa[f capNt laAcyi[f EtadAcy<
nIqfMknf tamAryi [arfemazinf taremazi
EnrfCkmf EpalkM ka[knf tarrfp<y
EnrfC]gf kavikiAq Eyrfcibnf tarfmAlyi r]fDEpal
nIqipgf EkaFy nirf Et[iRnf tarMAl
nIdlgf karcr EmadAdnf tarfmRvi
nIqfm]wf caBepazi yavqmf EpatiAvyi
[Ilv]f Edviynlf kam[gf karniAb
Enccnf ta[`lfKlf kamp]f darMAt
EnRcmf EpakriAd N\elaqirfnf
taAcy<yirf cmfApyarwf
caLepa[f EtaAkyAm paqitwf Vzfcr]
taqfcilmf Epalmid Evndnf ta[nAd
caticnf tae[ki[ marfprnf EtaAkey[
tae[Zgf EkalviAl matri[f parfklvi
tav<eka]f Edkliy Enayfkqfeka]f Edpibvi
ta[Adnf taZmF Ey[idwf caLmfviA[
ywfciEyadtf
tarfkdmf paDkzlf patecnf tamArkqf
tazfepRmf paAtvzi EypFnf EtvRK
tapmfvi]f EdyMt variy<]f Edpcikqf
tapMnf tIrTkirf Epa[ibgf kazfekaQR
carv<wf
EcatiMR kaev{gf katlfekaD
ta[iRnf Etat;R Evarkmf
EpBBk
viwfActarayf
Vlieynf tayfkv<ri
Emakcgf kariKAz
EtaDeka]f daDciv kamCnf tarinl
T\qA]nf taqiniR va]iygf kaqikAl
EtaAkecnf tamAryi[f maTni[f EbTtiecyf
T\y`mf
pakAzekaqf Etaqipgf kaqkfRAp
Etayfpr[f Ecey[v< EmepRmf parfp<kZmf
vinfAtEyaE[
Vrcgf karCrrf Elakpgf kavBvrf
EtaAkAmnf taKmr Evqfkdmf paretaAd
Etaqk]f daprm Etciknf tavmrrf
EtaAkpgf
ka'[Ev takmwf VzfkRti
Etatkmf padmAl EyZT]f daeyZvrf
Ecarieka]f daBvr Evelbinf
Etnd[
MgfekaqfEvla
maliy[f pabevaR ~dk[f cakmiK
valiy<mf pazimr EmaDKmf pak[{
maziy<gf Ekarvli rav]]f pabviD
maCk[f EkalMki Ela{knf EtatiAdyrf
maTd[f PFviAq yaDcmf EpaktiR
marfpk[f ka]MF Eya[]gf
ka[mti
eya[fBmaA[
marfp<d[f EkaDt[ [arMwf Ecr;Ad
varfTv]f dadMk EmaDknf tIrrc
vayitgf Ekatim]i N]p<rmf padm]
vaAceka]f daDmyi laqiTgf kaKbvi
maTpgf
kamAbK lav<ecgf EkaAdnkrf
vazvnf tayfkriy maly[f
Etvrfp<kzf
tmfpiraE[.
nID pnftaD viziyarf pqigfka[ nAk
nIl epa[f cap Ntlf ~Acyi[f EtaD `Acy<(mf)
nIqf Mkmf tamAryi[arf emazinfT ~r emazi
Enrf Ckmf Epal kMka[ knftarrf p<y(mf)
Enrf C]gfK ~vi kiAq "rf cibnftarf mAl ;r]fD Epal
nID `lgfkar crmf OD `Adnftarf mRvi
nIqf m]mf caB epazi ` v(qf)qmf
EpaT ;Avyilf
nIl v]fD "viy nlf kam[f `gfkarmf niAb
Enc cnfta[ `lfKlf kam p]fdar `MAt
EnR cmfEpakrf ;Ad N\lf oqirfnfT ~Ac uyirf cmfApyarf `mfcaL
taqf cilmfp< Olmf ;dEv ndnfT ~[ nAd
cati cnfta[ 'ki[(mf) marfprf `mf EtaAk '[
ta[f 'Zmf Ekal viAl matrf ;[fp< ~rf klvi
tav< eka]fEd kliy Enayfkqf eka]fEd pibvi
ta[f `AdnfT ~Zmf `FEy[f ;dmf caLmf viA[ `wfci Od
tazf epRmf paAt vziEy pFnfEt vRK
tapmf vi]fEd `Mt vari u]fEd pcikqf
tapMmf tIr Tkirf Epalf nibmf kazf ekaqf uR
carv<mf Ecati MRka '{mf katlf ekaD
ta[f ;RnfT Ot ;R Orf `kmf EpB uBk viwfAc tarayf
EtaD eka]fD ~D civkam Cnftari n(lf)l
T\qf `A]nfT ~qi niRva]i `mf kaqi kAl
EtaAk ecnftamAryi[f maT ni[fEb Tti ecyf
T\y `mfpa kAz ekaqf Etaqi pgfkaq kfRAp
Etayf pr[f Ecyf '[v<Em epRmf parf p<kZmf vinfAtEyaE[
EtaAk Amnfta Kmr Evqf kdmfp< ~r etaAd
Etaq k]fda prm Etci(k) knfta `mrrf
EtaAk pgfka '[Ev Evt ~kmmf Vzf CRti
Etatkmf pad mAl "Z T]fdayf 'Zvrf
Ecari eka]fD ~B vr Evlf 'binfEt nd[Mmf ekaqf Evla
valiy<mf pazi mrEmaD Kmfpak[{mf
~ziy<mf Ekar vli ;rav][f pab viDmf
~Ck[f Ekal MkiEla{mf uknfT Oti ;Adyrf
maTd[f PF viAqyaD(mf) cmfEpak tiR
marfpk[f ka] MFEya[f `]gfka[ mti o[fBmf ~A[
varf Tv]fD ~d MkEmaD uknfT
:r rc
vayf ;tmf Ekati m]i N\p<rmf pad m]
~Ac eka]fdaDmf myilaqi Tgfka Kbvi
maT pgfka mAb Klav< ecmf EkaAd nkrf
vaz vnftayf kriy malf `y[f Etvrf p<kzf tmfpiraE[.
cabfbiA[pf epaziki[fb (klAvcf cnft[mf uqfq). v(qf)qmf =
ki]f]mf Epa[fb
ekagfAkyrf. EpaT ;Avyilf = (kam pa]) mlrfkQqf. nIl v]fD = nIElabfp mlrfpf pa]tfAt.
"viy = "viy. nlf kam `gfkarmf niAb = nlfl m[fmt{Ady ;Bmapfp<
niAbnft. Enc = `[fp<kfK ;dma[Tmf. cnfta[ `lfKlf = cnfttiAytf tRki[fb `lfKlf
'[f{mf. kam p]fdar `MAt = kam nitiyakiy `MttfAt. EnRmf = utv<mf.
cmfEpakrf =
p<]rfcfci `{pvtfAttf tRpvrf. ;Ad N\lf =
N]f]iy ;Dpfp<.
oqirfnfT = viqgfki. ~Ac uyirf cmfApyarf = tikfKkqilf vayfvidfD mi[f{mf
mi[f[lf
Epa[fbvrfkqf. `mf = `zK.
`]inft. pat ecnftamArkqf = pattf
tamArkqf. tazf = viRmfpi. epRmf paAt vziEy = `nftpf epriy tiRvFAy viRmfp<mf
enbiyilf. pFnfEt vRK = ~zfnfT epaRnfti. tapmf vi]fEd = `DtfT vRmf takgfkAq
(~AckAq) ozitfT. `Mt vari u]fEd = (`Rqf) evqfqtfAtpf pRki.
pcikqf tapMmf tIr = paciy<mf takMmf nIgfk. Tkirf Epalf = pvqmf Epalf. nibmf =
nibMmf. kazf ekaqf uR = oqi eka]fd uRvMmf. carv<mf = epaRnft. Ecati MRka '{mf
= Ecati MRka '[kf PBmf. katlf ekaD = ~Ac o[fAbEy eka]fD. ta[f ;RnfT Ot =
m[
`Amtiy<d[f ;RnfT Ot.